article 1 code civil 1804

court opinions. Code civil français Gratuit ou télécharger PDF , Titre préliminaire : De la publication, des effets et de l'application des lois en général, Livre Ier : Des personnes, consulter gratuitement le Code civil français Article 544. The Napoleonic Code, however, differed from Justinian's in important ways: it incorporated all kinds of earlier rules, not only legislation; it was not a collection of edited extracts, but a comprehensive rewrite; its structure was much more rational; it had no religious content, and it was written in the vernacular. The process developed mainly out of the various customs, but was inspired by Justinian's sixth-century codification of Roman law, the Corpus Iuris Civilis and, within that, Justinian's Code (Codex). The Napoleonic Code (French: Code Napoléon, lit. This Act shall be known as the "Civil Code of the Philippines." (n) Article 2. . Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 177CODE CIVIL ( 1804 ) ( 1 ) . Art . 1907 . - L'intérêt est légal ou conventionnel . L'intérêt légal est fixé par la loi . L'intérêt conventionnel peut excéder celui de la loi toutes les fois que la loi ne le prohibe pas . Jurisdiction defined. Diagrams. Smithers, William W. "The Code Napoléon". CCP 3. The Congress of Vienna. This page was last edited on 27 October 2021, at 17:51. The French civil code established under Napoleon I in 1804. CONTRACTS FOR THE LEASE OR RENTAL OF ATHLETIC FACILITIES. It highlights Greece's failed attempt to introduce a civil code which was built upon the principles of the Napoleonic Code, during the Greek War of Independence (1821-1827). The revised section came into force on 1 October 2016. Portalis écrira « « il faut…. CCP 1. - Volume 28 Issue 1 Jean-Jacques Régis de Cambacérès led the drafting process of a single civil law code. In the election of the Committee, consideration shall be given to equitable geographical distribution of membership and to the representation of the different forms of civilization and of the principal legal systems. These brief articles originate from the Spanish Civil Code of 1889, which, in turn, is based on the French Civil Code of 1804, and its background can be identified in the Italian Civil Code77. "Nobody owns the land between the levee and the river. Civil Code of the Philippines Annotated, Volume 4 Philippines , Edgardo Lardizábal Paras Snippet view - 1981 Civil Code of the Philippines Annotated: Arts. However, remand still was the usual procedure for defendants suspected of serious crimes such as murder. A comprehensive reformation and codification of the French civil laws, the Code Napoleon was renamed the Civil Code after the Bourbon restoration, and is still in force. The Civil Code came into force as such in France in 1804, and in 1805 an "Chambres réunies, 13 February 1930, D 1930.1.57. OF THE FRENCH CIVIL CODE OF 1804, ON THE OCCASION OF ITS BICENTENNIAL CELEBRATION Xavier BLANC -JOUVAN Cornell Law School - September 27, 2004 A -This year 2004 has been marked, in France and abroad , by many ceremonies aimed at celebrating the bicentennial of the French Civil Code. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 303franc pour 4 PLUVIOSE an 12 ( 25 janvier 1804 ) . — Avis du 7 = Pr . 17 PLUVIOSE an 12 ( 28 janvier 1804 ) . ... dès public pour la transcription ordonnée par lors ils ne peuvent réclamer le bénéfice de l'article 229 ( 1 ) du Code civil ... Cet article est d'une certaine façon l'ancêtre de l'article 1134 al. Code civil 1816 edition.png. Thus, a vast body of judicially-created law (jurisprudence) has come into existence. Moreover, both the code and legislation have required judicial interpretation. The court system was standardized. . Les lois et, lorsqu'ils sont publiés au Journal officiel de la République française, les actes administratifs entrent en vigueur à la date qu'ils fixent ou, à défaut, le lendemain de leur publication. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page xxCIVIL CODES Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek), 1992 Art. 6:162 ......................... .. 53 Art. 6:228 ....... .. 51-2, 85, 133 Art. 6:228(1)(b) ................ .. 52 Art. ... 51 French Civil Code (Code civil), 1804 Art. 1109 . California may have more current or accurate information. 1. 1. Le contrat est une convention par laquelle une ou plusieurs personnes s'obligent, envers une ou plusieurs autres, à donner, à faire ou à ne pas faire quelque chose. CCP 4. The laws are executory throughout the whole French territory, by virtue of the promulgation thereof made by the First Consul. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 276Modifications apportées au Code civil . an XII , art . i et 6 ) . ... déroger aux art . 457 , 458 , 459 et 484 , C. civ . , 1 ° en per530 sur les rentes perpétuelles . mettant aux tuteurs et curateurs des mineurs ou interdits qui 21 . Request PDF | On Feb 1, 2010, Charles Donahue published Anne Lefebvre-Teillard, Autour de l'enfant: Du droit canonique et romain médiéval au Code Civil de 1804, Leiden: Brill, 2008. Download Citation | Les applications de l'article 1147 du Code civil de 1804 à 2004 | À l'heure du bicentenaire du Code civil français , l'étude de l'article 1147 présente un . new 'Greater France', and the Civil Code was no exception. They codify certain rules which had been established by case law over the last two centuries. 3 TITRE PRELIMINAIRE : DE LA PUBLICATION, DES EFFETS ET DE L'APPLICATION DES LOIS EN GENERAL ARTICLE 1 Les lois sont exécutoires, dans tout le territoire ivoirien, de la . [23], In the United States, the legal system is largely based on English common law. Napoleon brought to completion a project dear to the hearts of the revolutionaries, the drafting of new law codes. When Napoleon came to power in 1799, a commission of four eminent jurists was appointed in 1800, chaired by Cambacérès (now Second Consul) and sometimes by the First Consul, Napoleon himself. 3000-3167. Les termes de l'article 606 du code civil concernant les "grosses réparations" qui sont à la charge du nu-propriétaire sont très limitatifs (gros murs, voutes, poutres, digues .) L'article 5 du code civil n'a jamais été modifié depuis sa promulgation en 1804. In the Introductory Comments (Exposición de Motivos) 31 to the then brand new Civil Code of 1928, the Drafting Commission wrote: (1092a) Art. [25], Constitution of 3 September 1791, 1.11: “. First page of the 1804 original edition of the Napoleonic Code. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 3CODE CIVIL ( 1 ) TITRE PRÉLIMINAIRE DE LA PUBLICATION , DES EFFETS ET DE L'APPLICATION DES LOIS EN GÉNÉRAL Decrété le 14 ventose an 81 , promulgué le 24 ( 5-15 mars 1803 ) . ... XII ( 21 mars 1804 ) sous le titre de Code ART , 1 " . It prohibited ex post facto laws (i.e. La propriété est le droit de jouir et disposer des choses de la manière la plus absolue, pourvu qu'on n'en fasse pas un usage prohibé par les lois ou par les règlements. This Code shall take effect one year after such publication. Swiss Civil Code, French Code Civil Suisse, German Schweizerisches Zivilgesetzbuch, body of private law codified by the jurist Eugen Huber at the end of the 19th century; it was adopted in 1907 and went into effect in 1912, and it remains in force, with modifications, in present-day Switzerland.Because Huber's work was completed after the Napoleonic Code (q.v.) Editing and translating the Code civil in Belgium, 1804-2004. Quizlet Live. Pursuant to Transitory Article 1, by Presidential decree of August 29, 1932 (D.O. civil procedure (moved into a separate code in 1806). The CIVIL CODE R.A. No. [2] The Code, with its stress on clearly written and accessible law, was a major step in replacing the previous patchwork of feudal laws. It is a norm about the contracts and transactions. 5 terms. 1812.50-1812.69. The article considers its main innovations and compares them with the corresponding principles of English law and . Napoleon set out to reform the French legal system in accordance with the ideas of the French Revolution. Napoleonic Code, French civil code enacted on March 21, 1804, and still extant, with revisions, that was the main influence on the 19th-century civil codes of most countries of continental Europe and Latin America. Lobingier, Charles Summer. The section of the Civil Code on the law of contract was amended and restructured in its entirety last year. It was drafted by a commission of four eminent jurists and entered into force on 21 March 1804. Création Loi 1804-02-07 promulguée le 17 février 1804. That's the Napoleonic Code. Although the Napoleonic Code was not the first civil code and did not represent the whole of Napoleon’s empire, it was one of the most influential. Civil obligations arising from criminal offenses shall be governed by the penal laws, subject to the provisions of Article 2177, and of the pertinent provisions of Chapter 2, Preliminary Title, on Human Relations, and of Title XVIII of this Book, regulating damages. (Brief article, Book review) by "Reference & Research Book News"; Publishing industry Library and information science Books Book reviews As the entire legal system was being overhauled, the new code of civil procedure was adopted in 1806. Senate Website; Members; Live Proceedings; Archived Meetings; 2021 Session Timeline L'article 2 du Code Civil, qui a été promulgué en 1804, nous dit que « La loi ne dispose que pour l'avenir ; elle n'a point d'effet rétroactif ». Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 328Voy . la note tion sera faite sur le bâtiment sur lequel le mise à la première loi du Code civil ( 14 vencondamné était ... Art . 1 ° r . En cas de reprise d'un condamné aux fers ou à la détention , évadé d'une pri18 ventose an 12 ( 9 ... The term "Napoleonic Code" is also used to refer to legal codes of other jurisdictions that are influenced by the French Code Napoléon, especially the Civil Code of Lower Canada (replaced in 1994 by the Civil Code of Quebec), mainly derived from the Coutume de Paris, which the British continued to use in Canada following the 1763 Treaty of Paris. Early English translation of the Code Napoleon. A distinction had been made by the law of January 6, 1999 between ''animals'' and ''objects'' (former Section 528 of the Civil Code). Trouvé à l'intérieurArt 1504 Art 1509 Art 1511 Art 1522 Code Civil 1804 Art 1 Art 1 Art 5 Art 1134 Art 1135 Art 1202 Art 1341 Art 1354 Arts 2011–2031 Arts 2333–2366 Arts 2367–2372 Arts 2372-1–2372-6 Art 2372–3 Arts 2488-1–2488-6 Code de Commerce 1807 Art ... Free Newsletters This Act shall be known as the "Civil Code of the Philippines." (n) Article 2. They shall be executed in every part of the Republic, from the moment at which their promulgation can have . Spanish and French colonial forces quarreled over Louisiana during most of the 1700s, with Spain ultimately ceding the territory to France in 1800, which in turn sold the territory to the United States in 1803. Article 1. Praised for its clarity, the Code spread rapidly throughout Europe and the world and marked the end of feudalism and the liberation of serfs where it took effect. Titre préliminaire. Reprint of the second English edition. [8], With regard to family, the Code established the supremacy of the husband over his wife and children, which was the general legal situation in Europe at the time. 3 du Code civil actuel. DlESSE L'article 1147 du Code civil de 1804 à 2004 433 2. Bill # Search. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 253L . 12 = 22 mars 1804 effets et application des lois . = L. 8 = 18 mars 1803 ( 21 vent . ... de Code civil des Français ( art . 1 ) .-- Articles à insérer De la puissance paternelle ( art . 371 et suiv . ) . = L . 26 au titre du mariage ... [19] The government responded encouragingly in March 2013, but the Commission complains that this has not been followed through; in particular, that the government has abandoned its plan for a public service code (code général de la fonction publique). 64 terms. The development of the Napoleonic Code was a fundamental change in the nature of the civil law system, making laws clearer and more accessible. animal living free in the wild) were, since 1804 when the Civil Code was enacted, considered as property. 1 () JORF 21 février 2004 en vigueur le 1er juin 2004. The Code was adopted in Egypt as part of the system of mixed courts introduced in Egypt after the fall of Khedive Ismail (1879). Specifically, as to civil law, the many different bodies of law used in different parts of France were to be replaced by a single legal code. There is no rule of stare decisis (binding precedent) in French law, but decisions by important courts have become more or less equivalent to case law. Scots law, though also a civil law system, is uncodified; it was strongly influenced by Roman-Dutch legal thought, and after the Act of Union 1707, by English law. Artikulo 4 Ang mga batas ay walang pagbabalik-bisa kahit sa panahong nakaraan na, maliban na kung ang kasalungat ay nakasaad. Indian Reorganization Act 25 USC 461 25 USC 461 - 463 25 USC 463d - 464 25 USC 465 - 468 25 USC 472a - 473a 25 USC 475 25 USC 476 25 USC 478b Oklahoma Indian But the state of Louisiana is unique in having a strong influence from Napoleonic Code and Spanish legal traditions on its civil code. Bonaparte supported jury trials (or petit jury), and they were finally adopted. CCP 5. L'émergence d'une nouvelle classification des obligations contractuelles 464 B. L'aboutissement à un rôle normatif 466 1. ), Portalis le juste, Aix-en-Provence, 2004, pp. Napoleon 1804-1820. 1767-1783 O E R COMMONS OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES NS LAW ON PARTNERSHIP Article 1767 By the contract of partnership two or more persons bind themselves to contribute money, property, or industry to a common fund, with the intention of dividing the profits among themselves. Other codes were commissioned by Napoleon to codify criminal and commerce law. On the other hand, Bonaparte was opposed to the indictment jury ("grand jury" of common law countries), and preferred to give this task to the criminal division of the Court of Appeals. The French text of the Civil Code was the only authentic one, and after having been promulgated in the form of thirty-six different laws, the entire French Civil Code was published on 30 ventôse year XII (21 March 1804) (Heirbaut and Baeteman 2004). Code Civil 1804.png 636 × 762; 55 KB. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 36... eg, Art 1135, 1159, 1160 Code civil 1804), whereas in the field of commercial law, they were considered sources du ... Code, (Handelsgesetzbuch - HGB) differentiated strictly between usages as sources of commercial law (Art 1 ADHGB) ... This is reflected in the Napoleonic Code provision prohibiting judges from deciding a case by way of introducing a general rule, since the creation of general rules is an exercise of legislative, not judicial power. By this stage, it has been suggested, the Civil Code has become "less a book than a database".[17]. Free Online Library: Autour de l' enfant: Du droit canonique et Romain medieval au Code Civil de 1804. The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908: Long Title: An Act to consolidate and amend the laws relating to the procedure of the Courts of Civil Judicature. Trouvé à l'intérieurInternational Recovery and Criminal and Civil Liability Janet Ulph, Ian Smith ... the Territory of a Member State Art 1 Art 1(1) Art 9 Annex Dir 2001/84/EC Resale Right Directive Dir 2005/60/EC European Third Money Laundering Directive ... TITLE 2.5. The Napoleonic Code is also called the "French Civil Code of 1804" defined the concept of equality before the law and also secured the right to property. A Rural Code was debated, but never promulgated. xiv + 386. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 181( ARTICLE 1910. ) 336. Si la rente est payable d'avance , par exemple le 1er janvier et le 1er juillet de chaque année , le créancier ou ses représentants ... Lahaie , sur art.1 Siméon , rapport au Tribunat , 8 mars 1804 , 1980 C. N. n . of the rédacteurs of the French Code civil (1804), against precisely such a wide-spread notion. Heirbaut, D. (2004). Additional material, including scholarly articles, is added in the larger "expert (expert)" version and the still larger "mega (méga)" version, both of which are available in print and on searchable CD-ROM. The French codes, now more than 60 in number,[15] are frequently amended, as well as judicially re-interpreted. < Code civil des Français 1804. Article II, Section 4: The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.. Congressional understanding of the scope of activities subject to impeachment and the potential persons who may be impeached was first put to the test during the Adams . The Napoleonic Code (French: Code Napoléon, lit."Code Napoleon"), officially the Civil Code of the French (French: Code civil des Français; simply referred to as Code civil) is the French civil code established under the French Consulate in 1804 and still in force, although frequently amended.. April 17th, 2019 - R A 386 Civil Code of the Philippines REPUBLIC ACT NO 386 AN ACT TO ORDAIN AND INSTITUTE THE CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES PRELIMINARY TITLE CHAPTER 1 Effect and Application of Laws Article 1 This Act shall be known as the Civil Code of the Philippines n Article 2 Laws shall take effect after fifteen days following the completion The third, expanded to 1,104 articles, was presented under the Directory, a conservative regime, but never even came up for discussion. By the contract of loan, one of the parties delivers to another, either something not consumable so that the latter may use the same for a certain time and return it, in which case the contract is called a commodatum; or money or other consumable thing, upon the condition . In the Persian Gulf Arab states of the Middle East, the influence of the Napoleonic Code mixed with hints of Islamic law is clear even in Saudi Arabia (which abides more towards Islamic law). Civil obligations arising from criminal offenses shall be governed by the penal laws, subject to the provisions of Article 2177, and of the pertinent provisions of Chapter 2, Preliminary Title, on Human Relations, and of Title XVIII of this Book, regulating damages. They also heavily influenced world laws in the 19th century. In the German regions on the west bank of the Rhine (Rhenish Palatinate and Prussian Rhine Province), the former Duchy of Berg and the Grand Duchy of Baden, the Napoleonic Code was in use until the introduction of the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch in 1900 as the first common civil code for the entire German Empire. And it is tru e that we are similar to the Maltese equivalent, In fact, Article 1031 of the Maltese Civil Code, provides that "Every person . Acts or omissions punished by law; and 5. Code civil Dalloz.jpg. In 1791, Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau presented a new criminal code to the national Constituent Assembly. lsE.g., the Law of 31 December 1957 ; also absolute liability in certain special cases, such as the Law of 12 November 1965 (nuclear energy). The Civil Code came into force as such in France in 1804, and in 1805 an "Chambres réunies, 13 February 1930, D 1930.1.57. His drafts of 1793 (for which he had been given a one-month deadline), 1794, and 1796 were all rejected by a National Convention and Directory more concerned with the turmoil resulting from the various wars and strife with other European powers. LAW ON PARTNERSHIP Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Art. The code also prohibited judges from refusing justice on grounds of insufficiency of the law, thereby encouraging them to interpret the law. Josselin, Jean-Michel, and Alain Marciano. . Tom Holmberg, “The Civil Code: an Overview”. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 2( 1 ) Pays ne tenant compte que du jus sanguinis : Allemagne , loi du 1er juin 1870 , articles 1 à 4 ; Autriche ... code de 1804 modifié par la loi du 15 août 1881 ; PaysBas , code civil néerlandais , articles 5 sqq . , et loi du 28 ... In theory, there is thus no case law in France. Napoleon gave the laws his name, and they largely remain in place in France today. 30. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 253L . 12 = 22 mars 1804 effets et application des lois . = L. 8 = 18 mars 1803 ( 21 vent . ... II , 321. de Code civil des Français ( art . 1 ) .- Articles à insérer De la puissance paternelle ( art . 371 et suiv . ) . L'article 5 du code est un texte général à valeur législative, si bien que des textes juridiques particuliers de valeur législative (et donc de valeur juridique identique) peuvent lui apporter des limitations ou des dérogations. Entrée en vigueur 1804-02-06. It formed the basis of the law systems across most of continental Europe and has had a lasting impact on civil law codes in other regions of the world, including the Middle East where it has been combined with the Islamic law. Code civil avec les discours, 1803.jpg. The 1804 Napoleonic Code, which influenced civil law codes across the world, replaced the fragmented laws of pre-revolutionary France, recognizing the principles of civil liberty, equality before the law (although not for women in the same sense as for men), and the secular character of the state. 2. Law; 2. Bonjour, Je suis usufruitier d'un appartement situé dans une copropriété, après avoir vendu la nue-propriété. A concern of Bonaparte's was the possibility of arbitrary arrest, or excessive remand (imprisonment prior to a trial). the Chilean Civil Code and the Puerto Rican Civil Code. The Committee may not include more than one national of the same State. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 348Chapter 1, Art.1:103, Notes, III 24 Civil Code (Code Civil), 21 March 1804 Artt. 112 ff CC: Art. 219 CC: Art. 815-4 CC: Art.1135 CC: Art.1202 CC: Art.1214 CC: Art.1251 (3) CC: Art.1371 CC: Art.1372 CC: Art.1372 (1) CC: Art.1372 (2) CC: ... Thus a vast body of case law has come into existence. Article 1933. The Napoleonic Code ‒ or Code Napoléon, officially the Code civil des Français ‒ is the French civil code established under Napoléon I in 1804. 23.1.10: The Napoleonic Code. Quizlet Learn. Same; determination when dependent on amount in dispute or value of right asserted. It codified several branches of law, including commercial and criminal law, and divided civil law into categories of property and family . Flashcards . Senate. Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 36For example , Article 1 of the French Civil Code , 1804 states where and when laws shall operate ; Article 2 that laws shall only provide for the future and not be retrospective , Article 3 that penal and security laws bind all ... Before the Napoleonic Code, France did not have a single set of laws. 1. Law consisted mainly of local customs, which had sometimes been officially compiled in “customals” (coutumes). Trouvé à l'intérieur – Page 1551, 95-129. See also F. Gaudemet, L'Interprétation du Code Civil en France depuis 1804 (Basel, 1935). 6. ... 6, 10; cf. Civil Code, art. 1. 10. J. G. Locré, Esprit du Code Napoléon tiré de la discussion (Paris, 1805), 1. And yet cf. art. The possibility of lengthy remand periods was one reason why the Napoleonic Code was criticized for its de facto presumption of guilt, particularly in common law countries. Code civil-1-ivoirien-2016. Women had even fewer rights than children. 1. "Grand Outlines of the Code Napoleon". Trouvé à l'intérieurChapitre 4 Section 1 Section 2 Chapitre 5 Section 1 Section 2 TROISIÈME PARTIE Chapitre 1 Section 1 § 1. ... LE DROIT CIVIL (ESQUISSE DES THÈMES FONDAMENTAUX) Les sources du droit civil Le Code civil des Français – 1804 Les origines du ... It did not allow privileges based on birth (such as nobility), established equality before the law and secured the right to property. Updated July 31, 2019. Other codes with some influence in their own right were the Swiss, German, and Austrian codes, but even therein some influence of the French code can be felt, as the Napoleonic Code is considered the first successful codification. 1. The Civil Code was followed by a Code of Civil Procedure in 1806, a Commercial Code in 1807, a Criminal Code and Code of Criminal Procedure in 1808 and a Penal Code in 1810. [12] Modifié par Ordonnance n°2004-164 du 20 février 2004 - art. xix, 627 pp. Pp. A civil code with strong Napoleonic influences was also adopted in 1864 in Romania, and remained in force until 2011. All judges were appointed by the national government in Paris. Concept of Retroactive or Retrospective Law A retroactive or retrospective laws is one… The Draft on Military Code was presented to Napoleon by the Special Commission headed by Pierre Daru in June 1805; however, as the War Against the Third Coalition progressed, the Code was put aside and never implemented. [2], The Napoleonic Code was not the first legal code to be established in a European country with a civil-law legal system; it was preceded by the Codex Maximilianeus bavaricus civilis (Bavaria, 1756), the Allgemeines Landrecht (Prussia, 1794), and the West Galician Code (Galicia, then part of Austria, 1797). This is reflected in the Napoleonic Code provision prohibiting judges from deciding a case by way of introducing a general rule (Article 5), since the creation of general rules is an exercise of legislative and not of judicial power. 1161. « Article 1101 - Code civil » . 22 terms. "Husband and Wife Under French Law: Past, Present, Future". Such codification aims at making the law of contracts and obligations more accessible, The commercial code (code de commerce) was adopted in 1807. 1-413 (persons and family . [14] However, the legal proceedings did not have de jure presumption of guilt; for instance, the juror's oath explicitly required that the jury not betray the interests of the defendants and not ignore the means of defense. Contracts; 3. Civil law is based on written legal codes, a hallmark of the Roman legal system, in which disputes were settled by reference to a written legal code arrived . In Europe, in the late 18th cent., after the general adoption of civil law civil law, as used in this article, a modern legal system based upon Roman law, as distinguished from common law. That's the Municipal Code," explains Tubby Dubonnet (referring to New Orleans, LA) in, G. Levasseur, "Napoléon et l’élaboration des codes répressifs" in. Pourquoi le Code civil a-t-il longtemps été considéré comme l'aboutissement d'une longue œuvre de maturation et d'unification des règles du droit privé ? There were also exemptions, privileges, and special charters granted by the kings or other feudal lords. . Features. laws that apply to events that occurred before their introduction). 30. Napoleon set out to reform the French legal system in accordance with the ideas of the French Revolution, because the old feudal and royal laws seemed confusing and contradictory. (1092a) Art. In March 1804, the Napoleonic Code was finally approved. Four judges wrote the Code for Napoleon, to replace the many different kinds of law in different places. Pp. 109 - 122, here p. 112. of 1804 and the German Civil . The Code recognized the principles of civil liberty, equality before the law (although not for women in the same sense as for men), and the secular character of the state. "Napoleon and His Code". In 1810, a new criminal code was issued under Napoleon.